Design layout requirements and planning scheme of pathology laboratory in hospital
Design layout requirements and planning scheme of pathology laboratory in hospital
In recent years, many county hospitals are setting up pathology department to meet the needs of clinical diagnosis. The main task of the pathology department is to undertake the pathological diagnosis in the medical process, including living tissue examination, exfoliation and fine needle aspiration cytology and autopsy, so as to provide clear pathological diagnosis, determine the nature of the disease and find out the cause of death. With the continuous improvement of the medical system, it is imperative to establish a pathology department, but how to build a standard and qualified pathology department? The following is an explanation:
I. main purpose of laboratory design
1. To provide a more scientific basis for the diagnosis of clinical medicine and a more clear direction for the development of clinical medicine.
2. According to the medium and long-term planning of pathology laboratory, allocate the laboratory space to provide better services for clinical medicine.
II. Scale and scope of laboratory design
1. Fully implement the design policy of paying attention to science and practice under the possible economic conditions, so as to achieve high-quality and practical laboratory, and provide scientific and comfortable working environment for laboratory staff.
2. Under the premise of meeting all design specifications, the scientific, practical and aesthetic nature of the laboratory shall be considered.
3. Comprehensively consider the surrounding environment and terrain conditions.
4. Fully consider the biosafety design of the laboratory to ensure that the working environment of the laboratory is not affected by the external environment, and that the pollution of the laboratory (water pollution, air pollution) will not affect the external environment.
The design of pathology laboratory needs to be carried out according to the actual situation of the hospital. Generally speaking, the newly established pathology room has a small number of pathological sections and 1-2 staff. The office and diagnosis are combined. The laboratory is a separate room with an area of 30-50 square meters. A hospital with good conditions can certainly expand its area to 100 square meters.
III. general layout design of pathology room
◆ general description of plane design of pathology laboratory
General layout of pathology laboratory: the experimental area is equipped with a specimen receiving room, specimen storage room, material collection and dehydration room, embedding section and frozen section room, staining and production room, cytology and TCT room, immunity and special staining room. A comprehensive film reading office, a document room, a glass archive room and a director's office are set up in the office area. The auxiliary room of the laboratory shall be equipped with a men's and women's changing room and a medicine warehouse.
◆ graphic design concept of pathology laboratory
① determine the reasonable experimental process: it is required that this process is the most favorable for pathological diagnosis and analysis, and plays a protective role in the safe operation of laboratory personnel.
② determine the laboratory equipment, test bench, cabinet, ventilation cabinet and ventilation equipment: determine the placement of instruments and equipment in different functional rooms and customize the special furniture for the laboratory.
③ determination of experimental area, office area and auxiliary function room: Determination of heavy pollution experimental area and light pollution experimental area can determine the reasonable pollution degree of each functional area. At the same time, in the heavily polluted area, we should design reasonable ventilation equipment to protect it, so as to prevent pollution from permeating and diffusing in different functional areas and ensure the safety of experimental operators. Pay attention to the following points:
A. the design of the laboratory shall refer to the code for architectural design of General Hospital;
B. the safety design of the laboratory shall comply with iso15190:2003 (E) 2003.10.15 first edition medical laboratory safety requirements
C. determine the pollution severity of different functional areas and plan the process reasonably;
D. determine the route of personnel flow and the intensity of personnel activities, strictly implement the minimization of personnel flow, and try to use large space design to reduce the activities of personnel in public areas, and require the shortest route of specimen transfer;
E. determine the protective measures for potential pollution spillover;
F. determine that the discharge of "three wastes" in the laboratory should meet the standards;
G. confirm that the laboratory has complete communication and fire-fighting facilities, laboratory self-protection function, necessary detection, display and alarm functions;
◆ main basis for architectural design of pathology laboratory:
Code for architectural design of general hospital
Code for building design of Science Laboratory (JGJ91-93)
General requirements for laboratory biosafety (GB 1948-2004)
Special requirements for quality and competence of medical laboratories (iso-15189)
Medical laboratories - Safety requirements, 1st Edition (iso-15190)
Guide for construction and management of pathology department (Trial) (wbyzf [2009] No. 31)
4. Main components of experimental functional areas of Pathology
According to the characteristics of the main purpose and basic performance index of the pathology laboratory, the reasonable functional area division should be determined. At the same time, the functional area division of the laboratory should meet the requirements of having enough space for placing the experimental platform, the common worktable of the ventilation cabinet and its basic equipment, such as the reagent refrigeration cabinet, the frozen microtome, the centrifuge and other instruments. In general, the pathology laboratory area is divided into:
◆ specimen receiving room
◆ specimen storage room
◆ dehydration room
◆ embedded section and frozen section room
◆ dyeing studio
◆ cytology and TCT room
◆ immunity and special staining room
◆ comprehensive film reading and office
◆ document room
◆ glasswax archives
◆ director's Office
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