How many kinds of clean operating room purification projects are classified according to air purification?
1. According to air flow classification:
(1) The laminar flow streamline is parallel, the flow velocity is uniform and the direction is single, which flows through the working area of the room. It is divided into vertical laminar flow and horizontal laminar flow.
Vertical laminar flow: the high efficiency filter is installed on the roof, the whole roof is the filter layer, the air flow is vertical downward, and the return air port is set on the plane near the floor.
Horizontal laminar flow: install the filter on the wall on one side of the foot end of the surgical patient to blow air horizontally; set the return air port on the roof near the wall on the opposite side.
When the air flow is horizontal, the air flow is blocked by the operator's body or cloth, which affects the cleanliness of the operation area; when the air flow is vertical, the incision is windward on the operator's head, which also increases the chance of bacterial pollution, and the investment is high. Due to the gravity effect, the bacteria dust particles are easy to settle on the horizontal surface, but it is difficult to gather on the vertical surface, the bacteria pollution on the vertical surface is about 1/25 of the horizontal surface; when the wind speed is certain, the bacteria concentration of the horizontal laminar air flow pattern is greater than that of the vertical laminar air flow pattern. Therefore, the vertical surface is easy to keep clean.
(2) The turbulent streamline is not parallel, the flow velocity is not uniform, the direction is not single, and there is a cross-section of the airflow through the work area.
(3) The performance of radial flow is close to that of horizontal one-way flow.
(4) The mixed flow type, also known as local unidirectional flow, is distinguished by the full distribution ratio. The vertical flow is less than 60% and the horizontal flow is less than 40%.
2. Classification by purification space
(1) The whole room adopts ceiling or single side wall air supply to make the whole operating room reach the required cleanliness. This is a kind of advanced purification method, but because the air cleanliness outside the operation field does not pollute the operation incision much, and the cost of the whole room air purification room is high, so the construction is limited.
(2) Local purification only uses local top air supply or side air supply for the operation area, which only makes the operation area reach the required cleanliness. It is generally believed that the range of 2.4m * 1.2m centered on the operating table is the most strict sterile part in the operating room. Therefore, local purification is widely used in the air purification of operating rooms in China.
3. Classification by use
(1) The industrial clean room takes the control of inanimate particles as the object. Mainly control the pollution of non living particles to the working objects.
(2) The biological clean room is divided into general biological clean room and biological safety clean room. The former mainly controls the pollution of the living particles to the working objects, and keeps the positive pressure indoors; the latter mainly controls the pollution of the living particles to the outside and people, and keeps the negative pressure indoors.
Clean operating room (http://www.dgzszm.com) air cleanliness is measured by dust concentration. The higher the dust concentration is, the lower the cleanliness is, and vice versa. Air clean operating room refers to an operating room with an air cleanliness of no less than 100000 levels. According to the number of ions in the air dust whose particle size is greater than or equal to 0.5um per cubic meter, the clean operating room can be divided into four types: 100 level, 1000 level, 10000 level and 100000 level. The higher the number, the lower the purification level.
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