The clean operation Department is centered on the operating room and organically combines with other auxiliary rooms (including equipment rooms) to form a relatively independent medical area. Operating room is very strict with the environment. Therefore, the selection of operation site should meet the following conditions as far as possible:
1. The location of the operation Department in the building plane should be a separate area or an exclusive floor, so as to prevent the interference of people flow and logistics in other departments, and to maintain the environmental quality of the operation department.
2. The Department of Surgery is closely related to some relevant departments. In order to improve the medical quality and efficiency, the Department of Surgery and the relevant departments should maintain convenient access.
3. The layout of the hospital operation department should first select the Zui high-rise building located in the hospital skirt room, and under the preceding premises, should try to set it on the lower floor of the equipment layer, rather than on the lower floor, in order to avoid interference.
4. It should be adjacent to the intensive care unit and recovery room.
5. During the operation, patients need blood transfusion at any time, so the operation department should be close to the blood bank.
6. The surgical department should be adjacent to the pathological department because of the need for pathological section.
7. The operation department should be close to the central supply room.
8. The closer the surgical department is to the surgical ward, the better. This is also because the proportion of surgical patients treated by surgery is larger than that of other departments.

9. The operating department should be as close as possible to the emergency department in order to receive and rescue emergency patients at any time.

The number of operating rooms is calculated on the basis of beds. An operating room (including gypsum operating bed) is set up for every 50 beds in a general hospital. Its calculation method can be calculated according to the following formula:
L = B*365/T*1/W*1/N
L-Number of operating rooms
B-Number of total beds for patients in various departments in a hospital requiring surgery
T-Average length of stay (days)
W-annual working day of the Department of Surgery
N-Average number of operations per operating room per day
Hospitals can also be determined based on practical experience, but not less than two.
According to the definition of the functions of hospitals at all levels, the cleaning level of operating rooms in medium-sized general hospitals should be below grade II (including grade II), and that of operating rooms in small-sized general hospitals should be below grade III (including grade III). According to our experience, because of the problems of funds, small and medium-sized hospitals generally only have class III and IV clean operating rooms. From the actual use, it can also meet the requirements of the hospital. In the operation department, people and animals move frequently, including medical staff, patients, clean goods and contaminants after operation. If the layout design of the operation Department is not reasonable, it will increase the probability of operation failure or reduce the efficiency of the operation room. Therefore, the plane design of the operation Department requires that all kinds of people and objects be clear in and out of the line. Clear and brief, prevent cross-infection, clear zoning of different cleanliness levels.
It is clearly pointed out in the Code that "the internal plane and channel form of the clean operation department should conform to the principles of easy evacuation, short functional flow and clear cleanliness". It is also suggested that hospitals should reasonably choose single channel, double channel and multi-channel according to the specific plane. The principles are as follows:
1. The single channel arrangement should have the condition that the dirt can be disinfected and packaged in situ.
2. Multichannel layout should have the condition that people and things can be diverted.
3. Clean and dirty double-channel arrangement can not be restricted by the above conditions.
4. The middle corridor should be a clean corridor and the outer corridor should be a clean corridor.
Medical staff (after bathing and changing clothes), patients (after changing beds) and clean articles can share a clean corridor. The contaminants after operation are the major source of contamination for zui, which is easy to cause infection. Therefore, the contaminants should be transported from Zui by a short and separate route after operation, so as to narrow the contamination scope and make the contamination non-proliferation. Therefore, in the case of space permitting, it is recommended to adopt the layout of clean and dirty dual-channel, which is also used in most hospitals.
In addition to the clean environment and layout, the clean air conditioning system is also an essential part of the clean operation department. The success or failure of surgery depends largely on the control of infection. There are two main ways of infection: cross-infection of contact route and infection of air route. Purification air conditioning system is an effective way to control air route infection. To create an ideal sterile surgical environment, the following measures should be taken:
1. Remove all microbial particles from the air supply through air filtration.
2. Use airflow technology to make the room sterile and dustless.
3. To achieve orderly pressure gradient distribution in the whole operation Department by air pressure control.
4. Regulating the temperature and humidity to inhibit bacterial reproduction and reduce the amount of bacteria in human body.
5. Eliminate harmful indoor gases and odors, and maintain good indoor air quality.
It is impossible to achieve the above five points in practical application. Therefore, according to different requirements, the operating room purification level is divided into four levels. Different air-conditioning systems can be used to achieve sterilization. In large general hospitals, centralized air-conditioning systems are usually used. This method can achieve satisfactory results in providing temperature, humidity, purifying air, removing odor and other aspects, and it is also convenient to maintain and control. It is an ideal air treatment method. But the initial investment is also higher than other ways. The Code also takes into account the financial situation of hospitals, so it allows Class IV clean operating rooms and Class III and IV clean auxiliary rooms to be equipped with sub-clean fan-coil units or indoor vertical cabinet type clean air treatment units. However, due to technical problems, there are not many clean fan-coil units or indoor vertical cabinet-type purified air treatment units available in the market, and the noise is difficult to meet the requirements of the Code. Because of the strict control requirements of bacteria, temperature, humidity, noise and positive pressure in the clean operating room, it is not recommended to use the clean fan coil unit or indoor vertical cabinet type purified air treatment unit in the operating room, but to use the ideal centralized air treatment unit to ensure the use effect of the operating room. The air conditioning system of auxiliary rooms may consider adopting clean fan coil units, but the noise problem should be handled carefully and the muffling equipment should be added appropriately.
Because of the high investment in the initial stage of the construction of the clean operation department, the first consideration in the construction of the clean operation Department is to reasonably select the cleaning level of the operating room and the air conditioning system. If the cleaning level of the operating room is raised to a higher level, the initial investment and operation cost will be increased accordingly. Similarly, different air conditioning systems will also have great differences, so it is very important to select the cleaning level of the operating room and air conditioning system. Hospitals should formulate standards for the construction of clean operation departments according to their respective actual conditions, rather than blindly pursuing different and large-scale operations.
Shandong Aide Purification Engineering Co., Ltd. has the second-level qualification of professional purification engineering. It has strong strength and rich experience. It is a good choice to strictly control every detail of the purification engineering and ensure the quality of the cleaning operation room.
To learn more about the medical purification industry, please pay attention to the Wechat Public No. Aide-188 (Ed Purification and Oxygen Supply)