With the development of society and the improvement of medical level, the hospital no longer only pursues the use function of medical treatment, but also considers the psychological and social needs of users to create a safe, comfortable, convenient, efficient, peaceful and friendly environment, which plays a positive role in the diagnosis, treatment and recovery of patients, improves the enthusiasm of medical staff, and is conducive to the construction and Harmonious doctor-patient relationship.
However, with the change of social requirements, hospital architectural design will gradually appear new ideas and methods, such as more humanized, intelligent, ecological, etc., to meet the multi-level and diversified service needs of the masses. So, what are the problems that need to be paid attention to in the architectural design of modern hospitals?
Adhere to the idea of people-oriented
Human needs, human feelings and human emotions are the main factors to be considered in hospital architectural design. It is not only the need of patients, but also the responsibility of architects to create elegant, peaceful and human medical environment. The humanized design concept is reflected in the following aspects:
1. Protect the privacy of patients
During the period of hospitalization, patients hope to have a good environment to recuperate without being disturbed by the outside world, to control the environment according to their own wishes, and to maintain the privacy of individuals. Therefore, in the design of multi bed ward, changing the normal layout form, providing clear personal space for patients, can better meet the requirements of patients for privacy.
2. Create public communication space

Patients are social people and need to communicate with others in information, thoughts and feelings. In the case of illness, people need to communicate with others, hoping to be comforted and encouraged, so as to alleviate the suffering and psychological pressure, which is very beneficial to rehabilitation. Therefore, both indoor and outdoor environment should provide a good leisure space for patients, their families and visitors.
3. Create a comfortable and pleasant environment of sound, light and color
In order to create a quiet rehabilitation environment for inpatients, in addition to the rational overall layout of the hospital, it is also necessary to effectively use building materials and structural means in the ward to prevent noise interference.
At present, some inpatient ward buildings pursue facade effect. The exterior walls are mostly full of glass windows. Too strong light will have adverse effects on bedridden patients. Therefore, while striving for good sunshine, we should prevent indoor glare.
Patients come from a variety of living environment. Therefore, in the design of wards, we should create a dynamic space environment through the use and collocation of colors, so that patients can eliminate the strange, tense and other bad psychology caused by a single "white ward".
4. Convenient medical streamline
Originally, patients and their families have heavy psychological burden, which is easy to produce anxious and uneasy emotions. However, the complex traffic routes and maze like medical buildings not only bring great inconvenience to patients and their families, but also affect patients' psychological feelings, which is not conducive to physical recovery.
Clear and clear treatment route can save patients' treatment time, relieve their bad mood, and improve the work efficiency of medical staff.
Create a green and barrier free environment
Plants can provide a more common family environment and relieve patients' tension and medical staff's work pressure. The natural scenery can activate the space atmosphere of the hospital, and also make the patients calm, strong and relieve the pressure.

The design of barrier free environment in hospital should be more perfect. Compared with the internal environment of the hospital, those patients with severe illness or inconvenient movement are passive, and they can only follow it silently, even if they are not satisfied, they can't change it. Therefore, designers should strive to create a comfortable, convenient and barrier free medical environment for different patients, so as to make the patients become an active environmental user.
Pay attention to the construction of intelligence
Intelligent building is the only way to realize hospital modernization. Therefore, building intelligence plays an increasingly important role in hospital building design. It not only gradually changes the traditional management mode and medical habits of the hospital, but also affects the functional layout and design requirements of the hospital building.

Due to the application of generic cabling and computer technology, some general hospitals have changed the traditional centralized registration and charging methods, adopted decentralized registration and charging methods, simplified the procedures for medical treatment, reduced the round-trip distance of patients, and changed the layout of outpatient and registration hall. In addition, the implementation of prescription computerization shortens the time for patients to take drugs and solves the problem of long queues to some extent.
In addition, all the operation and principles of the hospital are inseparable from the computer, so the information center has really become the heart of the hospital. Its location selection, building layout, power supply and multi-level protection have become important issues in hospital design.
Try new hospital pattern
General hospital is composed of three parts: outpatient department, inpatient department and medical technology. For the functional requirements, outpatient service should be close to the city center, convenient transportation, and convenient for patients to see a doctor nearby and quickly. The inpatient department serves the inpatients. Such patients usually stay in the hospital for a period of time, requiring beautiful environment, comfortable mood, and generally far away from urban noise and exhaust pollution.
Therefore, we can try a new hospital pattern. When the hospital reaches a certain scale, the outpatient and inpatient parts can be arranged. The outpatient is still arranged in the densely populated area of the city center, while the inpatient department can be built in the suburb with convenient transportation, beautiful environment and cheap land price, so as to facilitate the rehabilitation of hospital patients and avoid the high land price, limited land use and lack of land in the city center The problem of forming a beautiful medical environment.
However, after the separation of outpatient and inpatient, there will be new contradictions, such as the repeated increase of medical technology facilities, the inconvenience of traffic contact, the difficulty of emergency surgery and consultation, so the separation of outpatient and inpatient needs good traffic conditions, strong economic foundation and other preconditions to support. But as a new pattern, it's a good attempt.
Build a convenient traffic flow line
Whether the traffic flow line of the hospital is unobstructed or not is directly related to the convenience and efficiency of medical behavior and medical flow line. The traffic organization of a hospital should not only conform to the general traffic organization principle, but also conform to the medical process of the hospital, and fully consider the variability of the organizational model of the hospital, so as to leave room for the change of the medical process. The specific contents are as follows:

1. Convenient external traffic organization
The dynamic traffic outside the building can be divided into two types: traffic flow and people flow. Subdivision can be divided into emergency vehicle flow, outpatient vehicle flow, taxi flow and service vehicle flow. People flow can be divided into medical care, outpatient service, first aid and visit.
In general hospitals, the flow of vehicles and people overlaps repeatedly, without diversion treatment, people and vehicles are often mixed, the traffic environment deteriorates, and it is difficult to effectively organize between the flow of vehicles and between the flow of people and the flow of people, resulting in complex flow lines of people, unable to reach the destination quickly.
In order to alleviate the external traffic problems, the emergency and outpatient entrances can be set up separately, and the emergency "green channel" can be set aside separately; the separate entrances and exits of medical staff can be set aside, so as to highlight the separation of doctors and patients; the large increase of vehicle ownership can be fully considered, and the parking garage can be put underground in combination with the separation of people and vehicles.
2. Smooth design of building internal traffic
In the functional organization of hospital buildings, the internal traffic organization is an extremely important part, involving the medical organization mode and management mode of the hospital, which has a great relationship with the management level and the degree of intelligent management. In the transportation organization, we should also consider the development and change of the hospital dynamically to leave room for the new operation mechanism.
In the design, the complete and independent working area of medical staff shall be defined, which shall meet the requirements of professional discipline subdivision, edge discipline penetration, variable functional area and sustainable development. The following objectives shall be achieved: clear objectives, clear streamline, rapid contact, separation of doctors and patients, no crossing of their respective fields. A hospital diagnosis and treatment center with patients as the center and convenient use of medical staff shall be established Environmental Science.
The function of hospital building is very complex, there is no fixed medical model and design method. With the development of science and technology, if the hospital wants to maintain the characteristics of sustainable development, the dynamic development law of the hospital and the variability of operation mode should be considered in the design, and practical building forms should be adopted to meet the needs of the society, meet the diverse needs of the masses, and ensure the smooth operation of the hospital.
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