PCR lab purifying laboratory design Ed purification
Detailed introduction:
PCR laboratory planning and design / LAB DESIGN
Laboratory building, whether it is new construction, expansion, or renovation project, it is not simply a reasonable buy equipment, but also considering the laboratory's overall planning, rational layout and graphic design, as well as electricity, water, gas , ventilation, air purification, safety measures, environmental protection, infrastructure and basic conditions. Therefore laboratory building is a complicated systematic project, in modern laboratory, advanced scientific instruments and superior sound laboratory is to enhance the level of modern technology, a prerequisite for the promotion of scientific research growth. "People-oriented, people and the environment" has become a subject of great concern. The spirit of "safety, environmental protection, practical, durable, aesthetic, economic, excellence, leading", the planning and design concepts. Planning is divided into six areas: graphic design system, a single structure and function design system, water supply and drainage design systems, electronic control systems, special gas distribution system, harmful gas output system six aspects. Here to explain the above-mentioned six areas in turn.
Graphic Design System
Our graphic design major consideration the following aspects:
1, evacuation, evacuation, escape and smooth, unhindered and safe passage; general laboratory main door open to the inside, but if provided with explosive room, the door should open outwards, the best material selection pressure glass door.
2, ergonomic (around, work space), coordination perfect equipment and technology workers operating with spatial extent reflects the scientific, humane planning and design.
When doing graphic design, the first factor to consider is that "safe" laboratory is the most prone to explosions, fires, gas leaks and other places. We do graphic design, it should as far as possible to maintain the smooth laboratory ventilation, escape routes open. According to international standards of ergonomics. We do the following division for reference :( Sees figure below)
Bench and bench criteria for the classification channel (channel spacing indicated by L)
L> when 500mm, while people can stand to operate;
L> when 800mm, while people can take to operate;
L> When 1200mm, while people can sit while people can stand in the middle can not extraordinary;
L> When 1500mm, people on both sides can sit in the middle can be extraordinary;
L> When 1800mm, people on both sides can sit in the middle may be too extraordinary instrument
Days platform, apparatus, Taiwan should not be too off the wall, from the wall 400mm appropriate. In order to work in dangerous easy evacuation aisle between the bench should all lead to the corridor. Another: laboratory building storey is preferably 3.7 m -4.0 m is appropriate, clear height of 2.7 meters should -2.8 meters, cleanliness, pressure gradient, temperature and humidity and other special requirements of the laboratory should clear height of 2.5 m - 2.7 meters (not including the ceiling); laboratory corridor clear width of 2.5 m -3.0 m suitable for general laboratory double doors wide to 1.1 m -1.5 m (asymmetric door) is appropriate, single door wide to 0.8 meters -0.9 meters is appropriate.
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3, clean laboratory standard: mainly through artificial means, the application of clean technology to control indoor air dust, bacteria concentration, temperature and humidity and pressure to achieve the required cleanliness, temperature, humidity and air speed and other environmental parameters. It refers to the level of air cleanliness clean air environment in the air dust content level of cleanliness in the air dust concentration divided. Cleanliness refers to per liter of air contained in the particle size ≥0.5um total particulate dust particles. Level of clean air standards are divided into: 100, 1000, 10000, 100000. International standards are divided into: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Cleanroom groups and their relationship as shown:
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Cleanroom composition diagram
Cleanroom implementation of two general isolation, an isolation by a biological safety cabinet, negative pressure isolation, a positive pressure protective clothing, gloves, goggles, etc. to achieve; two isolated laboratory building, air conditioning and cleaning and electrical control system to achieve. However, due to the small amount of wind clean air conditioning needs to be safe, according to a large amount of wind are estimated to be more than the general specification, the above was not a hundred, hot and cold load is not very demanding situation may estimate, there are now dedicated to clean air conditioning the unit can be directly utilized. Two ~ four biosafety laboratory should implement two isolation. General laboratory equipped with: clean benches, biological safety cabinet, side table or stainless steel console, washing Taiwan.
Case in PCR laboratory (PCR ie polymerase chain reaction), is an experimental technique in the field of conventional methods of molecular biology research and experiments, as well as biological, and other widely used in clinical medicine. Its characteristics are able to trace a substantial increase in DNA lab is usually divided into four regions, namely: the reagent storage and preparation areas, sample preparation area, amplification reaction mixture preparation and amplification areas, amplified product analysis area (such as the use automatic analyzer region may be appropriate to merge). Enter each area must be in strict accordance with a single direction, different work areas using different clothes (such as different colors). When staff leave, may not be out of work clothes.
Reagent storage and preparation rooms (sample preparation area), the main instrument is equipped with: a refrigerated centrifuge, biological safety cabinets, refrigerator, mobile UV lamp, automatic power nucleic acid purification instrument, special overalls and work shoes. The amplification reaction mixture preparation and amplification area is equipped with: refrigerator, high-speed centrifuges, clean bench, PCR instrument (requires negative pressure state), mobile UV lamp, micro pipette, nucleic acid amplification instrument. Amplification product analysis area the main configuration: pipette, oscillator, clean benches, capillary electrophoresis instrument, refrigerators, centrifuges, micro pipette, mobile UV lamp, etc. PCR laboratory design program as follows:
PCR laboratory plan view
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Computer rooms and laboratories, computer and our closest living mainly consider air conditioning cooling, power supply and other issues. The main equipment is configured with a keyboard instrument station. Institute researchers are mainly for office space, to lower our laboratory equipment requirements, as explained in this little.
Auxiliary Laboratory: mainly balance room, hot room, water room, gas cylinders room, storage room, solution preparation room, darkroom and so on. Balance room, analytical balance is an essential instrument used chemical laboratory precision scales have certain requirements on the environment, mainly affecting the air flow and wind speed, balance room should be close to the chemical laboratory, to facilitate the use, but not with the high temperature chamber and strong electromagnetic interference adjacent room. Precision microbalance should be located at the bottom. Indoor balance shall not be set through the wash station or within any pipeline smothering avoid pipeline leakage affect the balance of maintenance and use. Room temperature, high-temperature furnace and thermostat are standing device, generally placed in the high temperature stage, but oversize incubator shall be suitable landing place, furnaces secret incubator shall be placed separately. Water room, mainly equipped with experimental design; side table and a wash station. More modern laboratory using deionized water, large water and can guarantee water quality. Need to set ground floor drain. Cylinders rooms, laboratories in addition to non-flammable gas with gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide), an inert gas (argon, helium, etc.), other gases have a high pressure, toxic, oxidative decomposition, explosive and other dangerous gases, such as flammable gases hydrogen, carbon monoxide; toxic gas is fluorine gas, chlorine gas; combustion gas is oxygen, these gases can not be laboratory. You can receive through a tube in each laboratory. Solution preparation room, and for a variety of standard solutions of different concentrations of solution preparation. Under the conditions allowed by the composition of two rooms, one with a day internet. Another reagent preparation and storage of reagents intercropping purposes, the general should be configured: fume hood, bench, reagent cabinet.
Service Providers section, place for basic laboratory and ancillary laboratory services, such as water, electric pressure cooker rooms and auxiliary rooms. We just need a little understanding.
4, procedures, processes, professional design;
The first part is graphic design, party (user) to come up with the most fundamental functional requirements, the distribution program, B (Institute), Party C (laboratory planning and design specialist) and the Party involved in laboratory construction design team to discuss, tripartite confirmation, enter the second program. Because traditional laboratory building design according to the national building standards, only the exterior and interior structure is based, not in the lab-based, architectural design and functional design touch. Our company have a lot of lessons in this regard. For example, Guangdong Medical College, signed a two year contract because the site does not meet the installation conditions, there is no installation.
The second part is a single function, single structure design, should be itemized, piece by piece, step by step, from the whole building, layered, sub-room, one-piece design points to determine a comprehensive breakdown of confirmation;
The third part, after all confirmed, inviting users to participate in senior leadership laboratory building presentations, the spot position decision; please by Party B, Party C project supervision and strict supervision of the installation, the construction process standards laboratory construction project tracking successfully completed; construction of laboratory planning and design, and product tender is divided into two parts; the tender: A, designed as the first part; B, the second part of product standards; architectural decoration, clean, basic equipment is divided into three professional conduct, can not be confused with The total package, different professions were tender, and then work closely with the tripartite bid, renovation and decontamination first, after date of acceptance laboratory infrastructure facilities will enter the stage of accountability, responsibility, when completed at the same time focused on three acceptance, part of the basic equipment product testing standards, testing and the first two projects differ, there is a big difference can not be treated equally.
7, floors, walls smooth ventilation to prevent dead, interior corners as much as possible free, easy care, simple.
Structure and function of a single design system
Different professions with different laboratories dedicated infrastructure and supporting equipment, the series consists of five parts: A, test-bed section; B, instrument platform section; C, functional cabinet part; D, equipment section; E, the output of the system portion;
A, bench section
1, bench classification:
① laboratory bench by function are: Physics Experiment Station (mainly used in electronic, electrical, physics experiments); chemistry experiment station (mainly for organic and inorganic chemistry experiment); biological experiment station (mainly used clean sterile experiments, such as simple dissecting table, stainless steel console, etc.);
② divided according to the structure plan style: MM (made of steel supports, base box, countertops, reagent racks, connectors, accessories form) MR (group box, countertops, reagent racks, connectors, accessories form).
③ use can be divided into: the Central Experimental Taiwan, while Taiwan test-bed, washing bench, reagent rack, the base case, experiment stool.
2, the base case of Category:
Group box Press material can be divided: Steel wooden base box, aluminum wooden base box, all wood-based cabinet.
According to the production process is divided into: Continental Steel base box (that is, the door panel and side panels connected), steel American base box (ie door panel assembled in the base cabinet)
Models can be divided into: a movable base box, floor-based cabinet, hanging base box. Wherein the movable base box, hanging base box for MM models. Floor-based box for MR models. Steel wooden base box is our newly developed products, side panels, door panels made of steel material, other issues such as laminates, top, bottom drawer, repair plates are wooden material, with fire safety, cost-effective, glassware When placing unbreakable advantages. Wholly unsuitable for the production of wooden boxes and washing hanging base station.
B, instrument platform components: bearing, stability, resistance to outside interference, electronically controlled demanding, strict gas distribution, safe, reliable, convenient and easy to manage; load: 500Kg above. Mainly used for analytical laboratory instruments, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, atomic analysis laboratories. The major products are: standard instrument platform, spectrometer units, chromatography equipment sets, microscopes Taiwan, twin instrument Taiwan, space platform, computer tables, high-temperature apparatus, Taiwan, teaching part-featured cabinet:
Function cabinet section is part of the first two services, storage, important functional part of safety, environmental issues; an all-wood and wood points; reagents, pharmaceuticals, volatile drugs, radioactive drugs, virulent, training and other flammable storage thirteen kinds of functional basic points:
1, the general performance medicine cabinets; 2, volatility drug storage cabinet;
3, agent special cabinet; 4, radiation medicine cabinets;
5, flammable storage cabinet (Fire safety cabinets); 6, file cabinets (cabinet);
7, wardrobe (brake bacteria locker); 8, culture cabinet;
9, sample cabinet; 10, instrument cabinet;
11, soda ash cabinet; 12, sulfuric acid cabinet;
13, sterile cabinet.
D, equipment parts:
1, the fume hood; 2, biological safety cabinets;
3, ultra-clean table; 4, warewasher (automatic)
5, virulent safe storage cabinet; 6, intelligent intensive cabinets;
7, dissecting tables; 8, drawing sets;
9, sensing cabinet. 10, the volatile medicine cabinets
E, harmful gas output section. It will be described in detail in a later chapter, here as no repeat.
Water supply and drainage design system
Water supply and drainage system is mainly designed for the preliminary architectural design laboratory services. Providing the bench Architectural Design Institute under the water of points. Tap Tap into gentle water jet nozzle, single-joint spout (MBs-016) for the jet spout. Usually with PP sink (MBc-032). Double spout (MBs-02) to slow water mouth, usually with PP sink (MBc-029) specification. By default, we generally give customers double-tap configuration. Triple Tap (MBc-01) is a two emergency relief faucets. Usually with PP sink (MBc-029). Large sink (MBc-031), fume hoods Cup slot (MBc-028).
Electronic Control System
Lab electricity including electric lighting and power electric two parts. Electric power is mainly used for various types of equipment electricity, elevators, air conditioning and other power supply. Laboratory power supply system is one of the basic conditions for the laboratory. Power outlet: 10A, 13A, 16A, 20A; leakage protection switch, overload protection switch. The power outlet should stay away from the basin and gas, such as hydrogen nozzle opening, does not affect the test instrument placement and operating position. Multi-function steel trunking trunking major (mainly for reagent rack) and PVC trunking with Spain socket (mainly for table side table and CCTV).
Special Gas Distribution System
Mainly non-combustible gas laboratory gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide), an inert gas (argon, helium, etc.), flammable gases (hydrogen, carbon monoxide); toxic gas (fluorine gas, chlorine gas); combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) Composition . In addition to non-flammable gas, inert gases other gases can not be outside the laboratory. By pipeline to the inner laboratories. Usually helium vapor chamber configuration (He), nitrogen (N2). GC chamber configured nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen. Hydrogen pipeline connecting tubes must be connected on the welding, it is strictly prohibited leakage possible. All pipelines must be done after installation tightness test, and before the first use of degreasing. Because of the small pipe, tube spacing is small, the installation process can be adjusted according to site conditions to ensure that the pitch is not less than 45mm, cylinder bottling, flammable and inert gases with the cabinet, put an end to two bottles of flammable gas with a cabinet.
Harmful Gas Output System
In the introduction of the ventilation system where we will be listed separately analyzed